Bosnia’s EU hopes at risk as Dodik’s trial sparks political crisis

Sarajevo, December 27, 2024 – Bosnia and Herzegovina is facing a political crisis after Republika Srpska's Assembly decided to boycott votes in state bodies. This comes in response to the trial of Milorad Dodik, the leader of the Serb-majority region, whom they accuse of being targeted in a politically motivated case.

Dodik, a pro-Russian nationalist, is charged with ignoring decisions made by Bosnia's High Representative, Christian Schmidt. Dodik’s supporters claim the trial is part of an effort to undermine Republika Srpska’s autonomy and interfere with the region’s political leadership.

In protest, Republika Srpska has vowed to block decision-making in Bosnia’s central government until the trial ends. This could delay crucial legal reforms needed for Bosnia’s integration into the European Union.

Bosnia's divided politics

Since the 1990s, Bosnia has been divided into two main regions: Republika Srpska and a Federation of Croats and Bosniaks. The two are linked by a central government under international oversight. Schmidt, in his role since 2021, has the power to enforce decisions and maintain peace.

Dodik’s trial stems from his refusal to implement decisions by Schmidt, who holds significant authority under the Dayton Agreement that ended the Bosnian War.

International concern

The EU, along with the US, UK, France, Germany, and Italy, has condemned Republika Srpska’s boycott. They warn it could destabilize Bosnia’s constitutional order and jeopardize its EU aspirations. The EU has urged Bosnia to continue its reform efforts, which are critical for moving forward with membership talks.

EU integration at stake

Bosnia's journey to the EU has been slow, with internal divisions often blocking progress. However, last year, the EU agreed to open membership talks, contingent on Bosnia meeting key reform goals. The political crisis surrounding Dodik’s trial could now derail those plans.